so there are a lot of planar prisons in the GW - Ooze (the place of chambered madness), Carceri, Pandemonium's deepest layer Agathion, the second layer of Elysium (Berelin), and the Demi-Plane of Imprisonment.
Oh, and iirc there's a prison on the astral.
So, why so many prisons? How can we go about making the reasoning for each prison unique?
And why are two chaotic lower planes used for imprisonment?
At first pass the obvious would be that Elysium can only be used by celestials, Ooze doesn't have any magical essence it's just a place of convenient banishment, and Agathion is where creatures are stored that I believe might prove useful later.
Carceri is the only place that feeds on the idea of imprisonment. Its essence is confinement. Why is it chaotically tinged? Because its the place of traitors, and this energy of betrayal and grudges prevents the inmates from working together.
Also, this chaotic essence is what allows beings to be trapped that the "rules" shouldn't allow, such as the primordial Titans.
This is a great topic, I myself have wondered this too. In the multiverse there are so many different planes and places that sometimes they look alike. For each of them to be a different adventure place and not "just another planar prison" they must have a differ in use or purpose.
Vacuum is also used as an imprisonment plane, or a place where people sometimes dump dangerous stuff. Not because its hard to enter or escape but because nobody bothers to even go there. I got this fro 3.5ed work, mostly hordes of abyss. Ohh, and also there's a layer of abyss where powerful demons are kept buried in tar pits. They can still be contacted by psionics or magic though(also from that book).
Demiplane of Imprisonment is a nasty place, probably the hardest prison to escape on the planes, but it is mostly used by primers as the outer planes have no direct connection to ethereal. I can imagine DoI mostly being used for enemies that may reincarnate if killed, but are also too dangerous to be kept sealed away in the world. Demon lords or elemental creatures come to mind as possible prisoners.